Yes, Masks are a filter (not small enough to fully block viruses (they are less than a micron across) viruses do however get embedded in a lot of things including moisture in the body and respiratory droplets. Those droplets can be broken by air gaps (smaller than the naked eye) of materials (different materials have different sized air gaps). That breaks up the droplets into smaller droplets that are (basically splits into different groups which decreases the concentration of those viruses) and since the smaller droplets go in different directions it becomes less harmful. This is how masking helps (not saying they are perfect because they are not). P.S. though the air gaps are small enough to break down respiratory droplets they are not so small that they trap the CO2 we exhale in other words they will not suffocate/asphyxiate us (though it can feel that way when the air temperature is hot or if suffering from allergies/asthm or certain medical conditions or breathing heavily, I get it masks can be uncomfortable but necessary at times).
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